犬細小病毒是1978年澳大利亞的Kelly和加拿大的Thomson等同時從患腸炎的病犬糞便中分離獲得的，從發(fā)現(xiàn)該病毒至今，世界各地均有流行，是危害犬類的zui主要的烈性傳染病之一。
健康犬經(jīng)消化道感染病毒后，病毒主要攻擊兩種細胞，一種是腸上皮細胞，一種是心肌細胞，分別表現(xiàn)胃腸道癥狀和心肌炎癥狀，心肌炎以幼犬多見。
產(chǎn)生背景
1978年，澳大利亞的Kelly和加拿大的Thomson等同時從患腸炎的病犬糞便中分離獲得的犬細小病毒（Canine parvovirus，CPV）。其后，美國、英國、德國、法國、意大利、俄羅斯和日本等國也相繼發(fā)現(xiàn)了該病毒。血清學(xué)調(diào)查顯示，CPV陽性血清在歐洲zui早可以追溯到1974-1976年；在美國、加拿大、日本和澳大利亞可以追溯到1978年。
為了區(qū)別于1967年由Binn等人從健康犬糞便中分離到的犬極細小病毒（Minute virus of canine，MVC）（習(xí)慣也上被叫做CPV-1）而將后來發(fā)現(xiàn)的病毒命名為犬細小病毒2型（CPV-2）。
病理分析
犬細小病毒（Canine Parvovirus，CPV）屬細小病毒科，細小病毒屬。CPV對多種理化因素和常用消毒劑具有較強的抵抗力，在4-10℃存活6個月，37℃存活2周，56℃存活24小時，80℃存活15分鐘，在室溫下保存3個月感染性僅輕度下降，在糞便中可存活數(shù)月至數(shù)年。
Canine parvovirus was isolated from faecal enteritis infected dogs in 1978 by Kelly in Australia and Thomson in Canada. Since the discovery of the virus, the virus has prevailed in all parts of the world and is the most important potent infectious disease to dogs one.
Healthy dogs infected with the digestive tract virus, the virus attacks two kinds of cells, one is the intestinal epithelial cells, one is myocardial cells, respectively, symptoms of gastrointestinal symptoms and myocarditis, myocarditis to puppies more common.
Background
In 1978, Kelly in Australia and Thomson in Canada simultaneously isolated the canine parvovirus (CPV) obtained from enterocolitis patient dogs. Since then, the United States, Britain, Germany, France, Italy, Russia and Japan and other countries have also discovered the virus. Serological surveys show that CPV-positive sera can be traced back to 1974-1976 in Europe at the earliest and in 1978 to the United States, Canada, Japan and Australia.
To distinguish it from the canine parvovirus (Minute virus of canine, MVC) (also customarily referred to as CPV-1) that was isolated in 1967 by Binn et al. From healthy canine faeces, Type 2 (CPV-2).
Pathological analysis
Canine Parvovirus (CPV) is a member of the family Parvoviridae and Parvoviridae. CPV has strong resistance to various physical and chemical factors and common disinfectants. It survives at 4 to 10 ℃ for 6 months, at 37 ℃ for 2 weeks, at 56 ℃ for 24 hours, at 80 ℃ for 15 minutes and at room temperature for 3 minutes Few months of infection decreased only slightly in the feces can survive for months to years.

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